Investigating the effect of environmental threats on the cost-effectiveness of innovation with the mediating role of joint innovation capability and the adjustment of incompleteness of the law (case study: active manufacturing companies in the capital's industrial estate)

Despite the growing body of research on cost-effective innovation, there is limited understanding of how environmental threats shape cost-effective innovation. To address this issue, this study examines the impact of environmental threats on cost-effective innovation through the mediating mechanism of joint innovation capability and the moderating effect of legal imperfection. This study is a survey-type study in terms of its purpose, quantitative approach, and descriptive method, with a sample size of 154 selected from a population of 258 managers of active manufacturing companies in the capital’s industrial park. A standard questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability was used to measure the research variables. SPSS 24 software was used to analyze descriptive statistics (demographics and extraction of central indices) and SMART PLS3 was used to test the structural equation and hypothesis fit. Findings The study confirms the impact of environmental threats on joint innovation capability and cost-effectiveness of innovation, as well as joint innovation capability on cost-effectiveness of innovation. The mediating role of joint innovation capability on environmental threats and innovation affordability and the moderating role of legal imperfection on environmental threats on joint innovation capability have been confirmed.

Investigating the effect of environmental threats on the cost-effectiveness of innovation with the mediating role of joint innovation capability and the adjustment of incompleteness of the law (case study: active manufacturing companies in the capital's industrial estate) Keywords:

Environmental threats , Affordable innovation , Joint innovation capability , Legal imperfection