The potential of brown algea seaweeds on the coasts of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman in the water scarcity crisis, employment and livelihoods

Seaweeds come in three main groups: green, red, and brown. Brown algae were among the first groups of algae to be identified and classified. Brown algae are generally marine, and many of them form giant algae. In general, brown algae, except for kelps, grow on rocky shores and in tropical areas with strong tidal currents. The pigments of brown algae are diverse. In particular, their xanthophylls are numerous and some remain unknown. Chlorophyll a and beta-carotene are present in large quantities. Among the xanthophylls, fucoxanthin is present in greater quantities and causes their brown color. Chlorophyll c is also present in these algae. Some xanthophylls include: violaxanthin, flavoxanthin, and neoxanthin. Plasts exist in various forms in brown algae. Sargassum brown algae is a very famous algae of the southern coasts of Iran, which was known in the past as a sea or rock weed. This algae reaches its maximum growth in late autumn and early winter on the rocky coasts of the south of the country. The use of seaweed as food, the extraction of beta-carotene, the use of seaweed as feed for livestock, poultry and aquatic animals, the use of seaweed in agriculture, medical uses, and the extraction of phycocolloids have made it a unique capacity to deal with the water shortage crises, livelihoods and employment of the country.

Keywords:

Seaweed , Brown Algae , Alginate , Fucoidan , Sargassum