Mechanisms of Cardiac Remodeling in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

The present study examined the mechanisms of cardiac remodeling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Heart failure is a condition in which the heart does not pump blood well or does not fill with blood well. As a result, the heart falls behind in its work of moving blood around the body. This condition causes symptoms such as edema (swelling), shortness of breath and fatigue. The ejection fraction, or EF, of the heart measures the ability of the heart to pump oxygen-rich blood throughout the body. In a healthy heart, the ejection fraction is higher. A lower ejection fraction means that the heart is having difficulty meeting the body's needs. The results of the present study showed that heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is one of the most common types of heart failure, which occurs due to normal left ventricular function in terms of contraction, but impaired filling or relaxation of the heart. It commonly seen in older adults, women, and patients with type ۲ diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and kidney disease. As the population ages and the prevalence of chronic diseases increases, the prevalence of HFpEF is also increasing. The results of this study also showed that patients with low ejection fraction (EF) often excluded from rehabilitation programs due to concerns about the possibility of sudden death or other adverse cardiovascular events during exercise sessions. Recent studies have highlighted the fact that cardiac rehabilitation can improve exercise capacity, cardiac function, and health-related quality of life in patients with congestive heart failure.

Keywords:

Cardiac Remodeling Mechanisms , kidney disease , Low Ejection Fraction (EF) , Type ۲ diabetes , Hypertension