Microassembly+ Micro grippers (micro actuators)

In recent decades, microgrippers have become essential tools for the manipulation and assembly of components at the micro scale. Given the importance of this technology in advanced industries and the need to understand the current state of this field, this review study aims to comprehensively examine recent advances in microgrippers and microactuators. The research methodology included a systematic search in reputable international databases (Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Google Scholar) and domestic databases (SID, IranDoc, Magiran, and Noormags). From approximately ۶۰۰ articles identified between ۲۰۲۱ and ۲۰۲۵, after applying inclusion criteria (direct relevance to microgrippers and microactuators, publication in reputable journals, presentation of innovation) and exclusion criteria (content duplication, poor data quality), ۱۶ articles were selected for systematic review. The analysis results showed that microgrippers mainly utilize four types of actuators: piezoelectric with fast response and high precision but limited motion range, shape memory alloy with force regulation capability but slower response, electrothermal with strong driving force but high energy consumption, and electrostatic with low energy consumption but less gripping force. Recent research has focused on topology optimization, multistage compliant mechanisms, use of new materials such as liquid crystal elastomer, and advanced fabrication methods like stereolithography and micromolding. The future trend in this field is moving toward multifunctional, intelligent, and adjustable systems capable of manipulating a wide range of micro-objects with different properties.

Keywords:

Microgripper , Microactuator , Microassembly , Microelectromechanical systems , Micro actuators