The impact of cognitive-based training on the healthy older people

Background and Aim: The global population is quickly aging and this has become an essential public health challenge. As one ages, cognitive functions diminish, hence older people are less likely to understand and respond to stimuli than younger people. Cognitive function is divided into four categories: ۱- Attention, refers to the ability to process information quickly. ۲- Memory, that includes the storage and recall of information. ۳- Visual-spatial ability, defined as the ability of the brain to respond to planar and three-dimensional spaces. ۴- Executive performance that encompasses various dimensions including the ability to plan, concentrate, organize, solve problems and control movements that require high-level cognitive ability. Cognitive-based training is divided into three categories: cognitive training, cognitive stimuli and cognitive rehabilitation. The goal of cognitive-based training for older people is not to teach new skills but rather to maintain function. Methods this study covered the articles from ۱۹۷۴ to ۲۰۱۶ indexed in Pub Med, Psyc INFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE and CINAHIL which focused on the effect of cognitive-based training for the healthy older people. Results: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of cognitive-based training on the healthy older people. Conclusion: ۳۱ RCTs articles addressed the issue of the effectiveness of cognitive-based training for the healthy older people. The articles showed that cognitive-based training had a: ۱- Mild effect on attention ۲- Mild effect on memory ۳- Mild effect on visual-spatial ۴- Moderate effect on executive function for the healthy older people. Cognitive-based training has a positive impact on the healthy older people, which can help them to prevent from diseases and improve their health.

Keywords:

elderly , cognitive retraining , cognitive rehabilitation , cognitive stimulation