Calculating formation range of binary amorphous alloys fabricated by electroless plating

A lot of amorphous alloy deposits in the binary(Ni, Co, Cu)–(P, B) alloy systems fabricated by electrolessplating (EP) have been reported up to date. But no onereported their theoretical modeling of the amorphous formationand calculated their concentration range of amorphousformation (RAF). Using Miedema model andsubregular model scheme, the RAFs for the six EP (Ni, Co,Cu)–(P, B) alloys and three Ni–Cu, Ni–Co and Co–Cualloys have been calculated systematically for the firsttime. The calculated results are in agreement with experimentalobservations. Experiments and calculations for theRAFs in the latter three alloy systems reveal that not anyRAF formed except crystalline states. The huge differencebetween the six metal–metalloid alloys and three metal–metal alloys in RAF has been discussed in detail in thepaper.