Personalized Medicine in Cancer

Introduction Cancer has important effects on individuals and society. Personalized medicine is used to learn about a person’s genetic makeup and how their tumor grows. Using this data, doctors hope to find prevention, screening, and treatment strategies that may be more effective. They also want to find treatments that cause fewer side effects than the standard options. Content Before personalized medicine, most patients with a specific type and stage of cancer received the same treatment. However, it became clear that some treatments worked better for some patients, than for others. The growth in the field of genetics has led researchers to find genetic differences in people and their tumors. Personalized cancer treatment is now an active part of the treatment plan or as part of a clinical trial. Creating a personalized cancer screening and treatment plan includes: • Determining the chances that a person will develop cancer and selecting screening strategies to lower the risk • Matching patients with treatments that are more likely to be more effective and cause fewer side effects • Predicting the risk of recurrence, which is the return of cancer • Some examples of personalized medicine strategies for cancer include the following: • Targeted treatments , Pharmacogenomics. • With our increased knowledge of the human genome, physicians can analyze a patient’s genetic makeup—especially with careful consideration to the tumor cells, which can be just as genetically unique—and individualize therapy to treat specifically that patient and that tumor. Conclusion • Personalized medicine aims to have treatments tailored specifically to the patients’ individual needs based on their genetic information with the goal of improving outcomes and reducing adverse reactions. • So, treating cancer cannot be classified with a standard approach. • Personalized medicine and genetic characterization of tumours can also help to direct the development of novel drugs.

Keywords:

cancer , personalized medicine