FIGUREEXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS ON THE WAVE REFLECTION FROM THE ICELANDIC BERM BREAKWATER

In terms of design and operation, the berm breakwaters are divided into two types of homogeneous and multilayered berm breakwaters. In the homogeneous berm breakwater, the armor layer consists of only one grading, but in the multi layer berm breakwater, the armor layer consists of several stone classes. A multi berm breakwater (IBB) is a statically stable breakwater that only a small amount of reshape is permitted, also stones are divided into classes depending on their sizes. The philosophy of choosing different classes of stone is the best usage of dedicated quarry. The largest class of rock is called class I is located in front of the berm and in some cases in the upper slope of the berm which has the greatest impact wave. Also Smaller stone classes are placed in the lower parts of the slope and inner layers where the effective of the wave is less. Hydraulic parameters are one of the most important factors in choosing the type and geometric characteristics of coastal structures. Among the hydraulic parameters, wave reflection is one of the most important parameters.Coastal structures can reflect part of the incident wave energy. The interaction of incident and reflection waves creates a turbulent environment in front of the structureand it makes difficult to navigate the vessels in this area. In addition, turbulent flows created around the structure can cause erosion and scour on the toe of the structure. Thereflection of the wave is expressed by the reflection coefficient CR rR as following: C HH r ri = / (1) Where, Hi is the incident wave height and Hr is the reflected wave height.