Cefazoline or Normal Saline Irrigation Doesn’t Reduce Surgical Site Infections After Cesarean

Introduction: Cesarean surgical site infection (SSI) occurs in 3% to 17% of patients who undergocesarean delivery. SSIs increase postcesarean maternal morbidity and health costs and cause longerhospital stays. Therefore, we designed a study to assess the effects of normal saline and cefazolinirrigation on the incidence of SSIs.Methods: In this study, 200 participants were divided into 3 groups with a 2:1:1 ratio. All pregnantwomen who underwent cesarean after 6 hours passed their rupture of membrane and were admittedto Shariati Hospital of Bandar Abbas were eligible for our study. Patients with immunodeficiency,coagolopathy, allergy to penicillin or cefazolin, history of immunosuppressive drug use, gestationaldiabetes mellitus or preeclampsia were excluded from the study. Age, gestational age, hours passedfrom rupture of membrane, the duration of surgery, anemia (Hb < 11), number of vaginal exams andduration of hospitalization were collected from the patients. The SPSS 13 software was used to analyzethe collected data and descriptive statistics, one way ANOVA and chi-square were used. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant (clinicaltrials.gov ID= NCT01566734).Results: The mean age of the participants was 25.8 ± 5.6. The incidence of SSIs was 2.5% among all theparticipants. In this study, 0 patients (0%) of the cefazolin group, 1 patient (2%) of the normal salinegroup and 4 (4%) of the control group developed SSIs. No significant relation was seen between age, thenumber of vaginal exams, mean gestational age, duration of surgery, anemia and the type of irrigation.Conclusion: The results of this study show that normal saline or cefazolin irrigation does not decreasethe incidence of SSIs. However, these solutions might have a different impact on high-risk patients.

Keywords:

Cefazolin , Normal saline , Surgical site infections