Can we Predict the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women by Past Obstetrical History Fasting Blood Sugar and Other Factors

Backgrounds: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) deserves proper prevention, diagnosis and management, due to health care implications from both maternal and fetal concerns. This study was designed to evaluate rate and investigate the predicting risk factors for developing GDM.Material and Method : In this cross-sectional survey, universal screening for GDM was performed in 613 pregnant women. Pregnant women attended prenatal clinic in Tehran, screened for gestational diabetes mellitus using IADPSG criteria and followed up delivery from march 2016 to march 2017. At the first prenatal visit women underwent the fasting blood sugar test. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed for 613 mothers between 24 and 32 weeks of gestation. Logistic regression test for calculating the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals was used.Result:Impaired GTT was detected in 143 (23.3%) patients. Prevalence was highest in the first trimester FBS> 92mg/dl group (p < 0.001). Comparison of the GDM and the NGT groups demonstrated significant differences in maternal age, first trimester FBS, third trimester vitamin D level, maternal platelet count, maternal BMI (before 12 weak of gestation), weight gain during pregnancy, and the history of gestational complications in previous pregnancy (P < 0.05). In logistic regression GDM was independently associated with maternal older age, higher first trimester FBS, lower third trimester vitamin D level, and lower maternal platelet count (P < 0.01).Conclusion:It was concluded that patients with higher initial FBS or patients with the history of gestational complications in previous pregnancy should be considered high risk for GDM and screened earlier.Key-words: GDM, FBS, past obstetrical history.