A Review of the Using Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Bone Marrow Transplantation

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a therapeutic approach in treatment of hematological malignancies and inability of the bone marrow . Umbilical cord blood (UCB) known as an alternative for hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells (HPSC) in allogeneic transplantation. The advantages of this source is the low chance of viral contamination and low rate of Graft versus host disease (GVHD). The main obstacle of cord blood HSCs is the low number cells. So, ex vivo expansion of UCB-HSCs is the useful approach to overcome this restriction.The routine system of hematopoietic stem cells expansion is using expansion cytokine cocktail including, SCF, TPO and FLT3L in 2- Dimensional (2D) microenvironment. In this microenvironment cells only affected by cytokines and there is not any influence of cell – cell interactions. Synthetic biomaterials such as nanofibers based on Polyethersulfone(PES) is used to produce synthetic niches. These 3D structures leads to activation of adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of CD34+cells with highly similarity to bone marrow microenvironment. Considering the important role of mesenchymal cell lineages in the bone marrow on hematopoietic stem cells fate through the production of growth factors and cell-cell interactions we could use mesenchymal stem cells to provide their supportive role in hematopoietic stem cell proliferation during the culture.Besides, use of small molecules such as SB431542 and Stemregenin1(SR1) could provide appropriate outcome for HSCs transplantation includes both of engraftment and repopulation. Nowadays establishing a cell culture system with maximum similarity to the bone marrow microenvironment and using of mesenchymal stem cells and some molecules capacities is interested and under study and we are goint to review and compare two comprehensive studies about UCB-HSCs expansion in this article.

A Review of the Using Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Bone Marrow Transplantation Keywords:

Umbilical cord blood , Hematopoietic stem cells , 3D culture , Polyethersulfone , SB431542 , Stemregenin1 , Mesenchymal stem cell