In vitro osteogenic differentiation potential of the human dental pulp stem cells augments when grown on Graphene oxide-modified nanofiber

Background and Objective: Due to the several limitations that surgeons are faced during bone tissue implantation there are daily increases in introducing new cell-co-polymer composites for use in bone tissue engineering approaches. In this study tried to develop a suitable nanostructured biocomposite for enhancing osteogenic differentiation of the Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs).Materials and Methods: Polyvinylidene fluoride-Graphene oxide (PVDF-GO) nanofibers was fabricated by electrospinning and then characterized using scanning electron microscope, tensile and viability assays. After that osteogenic differentiation of the DPSCs was investigated in three groups, including PVDF, PVDF-GO and tissue culture plate as a control group.Finding: Alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium content of the DPSCs on PVDF-GO were significantly higher than those cultured on other groups. In addition, Runx2, osteocalcin and osteonectin genes were up regulated in DPSCs cultured on PVDF-GO significantly higher than those cells cultured on PVDF and control. Finally, osteocalcin and osteopontin proteins expression evaluated and the results confirmed higher osteoinductivity of the PVDF-GO nanofibers in comparison with the PVDF nanofibers.Conclusion: According to the results, it was demonstrated that PVDF-GO nanofibers have a great osteoinductive potential and taking together DPSCs-PVDF-GO nanofibrous construct can be an appropriate bio-implant to use for bone tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:

Poly (vinylidene fluoride) , Graphene Oxide , Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells , Osteogenesis , nanofibers