بررسی و تعیین مناسبترین آرایش کاشت و ترکم بر عملکرد دانه و علوفه ذرت هیبرید سینگل کراس ‮‭704‬

To examine the effect of plant densities and sowing patterns on yield and .agronomical characteristics of com (hybrid S.C.704), a field experiment was conducted in 2004 and 2005 at agricultural research station of Gorgan. This' experiment was laid out in a randomized complete blo<1t design arranged in a factorial with four replications. The grain corn experiment h~~ four levels' of plant density (DI ==55000, D2=65000, 03=75000, D4=85000 plant per hectare) and with two planting arrangemen t (p 1 =single .row and p2=double:Jow with 20cm space apart). Forage corn experiment had four levels of plant densities (DI ;;65000, D2=75000, D3=85000, D4=95000) and two planting arrangements (pl=single row and p2=double row 15 cm space apart). The results of grain com experiment showed that the planting arrangement had a significant effect on kernel depth, total dry matter, number ,of grain per ear, kernel weight, grain yield, ear length, plant height, ear diameter, leaves, stem, ear, ear cob and husk dry matter. All characters except plant height and husk dry matter had 'higher amount at double row arrangement. Plant density had significant effect on number of kernels per row, husk weight (with 14% moisture) and plant height . Number of kernel in ear, number of kernel in row, kernel weight, ear length and ear diameter, increased in higher plant densities. In 75000 plants per hectare and double row arrangement produce 7.872 and 7.230 tonlha, respectively. Double row with 20 cm apart with 75000 plant per hectare had the highest yield (8.281 tonlha). There was significant difference between planting arrangements for total dry matter, number of grains per ear, kernel per row, total fresh weight, ear fresh weight, ear length, plant height, stem diameter, leaves, stem, ear and ear cob dry matter. Double row method produced higher amount for all characters except for ear height and husk dry matter.. In addition to mentioned characters, plant density had significant effect on number of kernels per row, leaf number, and plant height at 0.01 probability level. With increasing in plant density all characters increased except number of kernel per ear, kernel per row, ear length, ear diameter and stem diameter. The highest forage yield was produced in 95000 plant density and 15 centimeter double row . It might be concluded that by using double row planting pattern the inter plant competition could be decreased and higher yield might be produced. Key words: Sowing density, planting arrangement, Com, Agronomic characteristics.

Keywords:

علوفه ذرت , دورگه سینگل کراس , عملکرد دانه , عملکرد علوفه , آرایش کاشت , آرایش تراکم , طول , وزن , قطر , ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی گرگان