Preparing and assessing the physiochemical properties of curcumin niosomes and evaluating their cytotoxicity in ۳T۳ and MCF-۷ cell lines

Objective: Application of vesicular drug delivery systems has made major progress in pharmaceutical science and technology. Niosomal drug delivery is potentially efficient to improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties of many compounds. Curcumin (CUR) has several documented anticancer activities; however, it has a low bioavailability that necessitates the development of efficient delivery systems. Accordingly, different niosomal preparations were prepared and evaluated in the present study to find a suitable delivery system. Materials and Methods: Span and Tween ۲۰, ۴۰, ۶۰, and ۸۰ were employed with various concentrations of cholesterol for studying the ability to form curcumin-loaded niosomes. Multiple characterization techniques including visual evaluation, particle size analysis, stability, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and release profile were studied. Cytotoxicity of curcumin niosomes on MCF-۷ and ۳T۳ cell lines was determined using MTT assay. Results: Visual and particle size analysis indicated the formation of seven niosomal formulations in the micron size range, while the formulation consisted of Tween ۴۰/cholesterol (۵۰/۵۰ M%) with ۰.۰۵% w/v CUR had an average diameter of ۴۷۵ nm. The latter formulation was selected and it had EE of ۷۸.۵%. The CUR release profile showed ۱۸.۷% release over a period of ۳۰۰ min. The MTT results showed that CUR incorporation significantly increased the cytotoxicity of niosomes and the extent of toxicity was higher in MCF-۷ cells. Conclusion: In this study, a simple niosomal formulation was developed for CUR loading with favorable physicochemical properties. The presented niosomal curcumin had also considerable effects in cell toxicity studies, which can be suggested for future anticancer studies.

Keywords:

Niosome , Curcumin , Cytotoxicity , MTT , Cancer , Drug Delivery