Propolis ameliorates autistic-like behaviors induced by maternal separation in rats

Autism is a developmental disorder specify by abnormal communication and verbal behaviors. Children with autism are unable to communicate socially and understand emotions thoughts. The stress of maternal separation in the early days of birth induces autistic behaviors.Propolis is one of the varies bee products, which is collected from plants. Propolis contains chemical compounds such as flavonoids, terpenes, and phenolic acid. Therefore, Propolis has pharmacological benefits and is a natural antioxidant. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Propolis on autistic behaviors induced in the animal model of maternal separation in rats.Method & material In this experimental study, Wistar rats were divide into two groups of control and maternal separation. Rats in control groups were divide into three subgroups: control, Propolis and sham groups. The maternal separation group was divide into three subgroups: autism, Propolis (۱۰۰ mg/kg) and Propolis (۲۰۰ mg/kg). Rats in separation groups were separate from the mother daily for three hours in the first to ninth days after birth. Propolis were gavage to rats on day ۲۱-۴۲ after birth. At the end of day ۴۲, social interaction test was take from rats.Result The index of social interactions in the autism group was significantly reduced compared to the control group (P < ۰.۰۱).In the group receiving Propolis, the social interaction index increased significantly compared to the autism group(P < ۰.۰۵ and P < ۰.۰۱ ).Discussion Regular treatment with propolis for four weeks significantly improves the behavioral changes associated with rats. Therefore, it can be stated that propolis neuroprotective action for treatment of animal model of autism induced by separation from mother can be beneficial. Also, propolis can be used as a pharmacological tool due to its antioxidant activity.

Keywords:

Maternal separation , autism , Propolis , social interactions