Techno-economic feasibility for different types of batteries in renewable stand-alone systems in remote areas

Nowadays, due to the increasing tendency to distributed power generation, stand-alone renewable energy systems have increasingly become important. Since the main part of a stand-alone renewable energy system is related to the battery, irreversible damage will be resulted in the absence of the battery part in the system. But with the advent of new types of batteries with unique capabilities, choosing the right type of battery used in stand-alone renewable energy systems, in terms of technical and economic components including battery life costs, operation costs, and repair and maintenance costs, has become very important. This article discusses the dynamic modeling of Lithium-ion, VRLA AGM, and VRLA GEL batteries in a stand-alone renewable energy system, considering the impact of power generation and consumption, as well as the impact of battery lifetime on battery lifetime-related costs. Considering the battery lifetime feature, a multi-objective optimization has been provided in order to minimize the costs and maximize the useful lifetime of the system through the Teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm. Technical and economic analysis shows that the production cost of each scattered product varies according to the type of battery optimization and with increasing system useful life, the TCPDBES index system increases.

Keywords:

stand-alone renewable systems , battery , photovoltaic , wind turbine , TLBO algorithm.