Studying the challenges in the field of accessing to safe water in urban environments

Safe and potable water is water needed for conducting the activities of man. Potable water is the most important renewable sources and this resource plays important role for survival of most living organisms as well as man based on supplying the water requirements and irrigation water. The trend for increased population and extended sources as well as needing for supplying the man’s food, increased mortality, droughts, loss of water table, penetration of saline waters to potable water sources, change in the quality of water sources, endangering the public health, food safety threat, malnutrition and starvation, local, regional and international conflicts, evacuation of rural regions due to loss of water (as a main living infrastructure), destruction of biodiversity in the ecosystems and wild life,… are considered as potential threats exposed the water sources particularly potable water sources in the cities and countries levels during future years. By development of urbanization, today, the subject of sources management in the civil areas has been remarkably considered. Progress in the urban living made irretrievable damages to the nature and threated many natural sources. One of the most important of these factors includes water pollution and its sources. Water safety, and preventing its pollution and its lost is one of the most important issues in our era. Water contamination is considered as a great environmental complication encountered with due to day-to-day progress of industries and technology. This paper aims to investigate the existing concepts, factors making the contaminations, alternatives such as managerial methods, existing challenges, and recommendations in the field of preventing and reducing the contamination of water sources and using safe water.

Keywords:

Safe water , waters contamination , challenges and alternatives , potable water , urban environment