Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With COVID-۱۹: A Case-Control Study in Iran

Background & aim: Little is known about the effects of COVID-۱۹ on pregnancy outcomes. The present study was performed to investigate maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women affected by COVID-۱۹.Methods: This case-control study was conducted on ۲۶۴ pregnant women, including ۱۳۲ infected (case group) and ۱۳۲ uninfected pregnant women with COVID-۱۹ (control group), using a retrospective record review design and matched sampling in three hospitals in Hamadan Province, Iran.Pregnant women with a positive COVID-۱۹ test were identified through the registration system for COVID-۱۹ in the health centers. The two groups were matched in terms of gestational age and maternal age. Data were collected from February ۲۰۲۰ to October ۲۰۲۱ using a questionnaire consisting of demographic and obstetric data, maternal and perinatal outcomes, and information about COVID-۱۹ detection and treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version ۲۲).Results: A high percentage of the case group lived in urban areas (p=۰.۰۲۶). In the case group, newborn hospitalization and death were significantly higher (p=۰.۰۳۲). No differences were observed between the two groups in other maternal or perinatal outcomes. Although there was one maternal death, two HELLP syndromes, and two cases of pregnancy cholestasis in the case group, however, they were not statistically significant.Conclusion: Although most maternal and perinatal outcomes were not statistically significant in COVID-۱۹ pregnancies, some important outcomes, especially maternal death, occurred only in the case group. More evidence is needed to confirm whether COVID-۱۹ can negatively affect pregnancy outcomes.

Keywords:

COVID-۱۹ , Pregnancy outcomes , Iran