Gender differences of high blood pressure in smokers versus non-smokers inFars province population: a registered data-based study

Background: Background: Previous studies have shown that smoking is a risk factor for mostnon-communicable diseases, including blood pressure. This study was conducted with the aim ofinvestigating gender differences in the prevalence of hypertension in smokers vs. non-smokerscases.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the Fars population based on registereddata. In the year ۱۴۰۰ AH, the population over ۳۰ years old covered by Shiraz University ofMedical Sciences (SUMS) was ۲,۳۷۱,۸۵۲ people whose data was recorded. Out of them, ۷۶۴۰۰۹were evaluated for cardiovascular risk assessment. The odds ratio (OR) and its ۹۵% Confidenceinterval (CI) for data was calculated by the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version۱۶.Results: Out of ۷۶۴۰۰۹ individuals assessed for cardiovascular risk, ۵۲.۸۶ % were women. Theresults showed that the chance of being a smoker is significantly higher in men than in women(OR= ۴.۷۹, ۹۵% CI=۴.۶۴ - ۴.۹۵, P<۰.۰۰۱). The chance of hypertension was higher in women thanin men (OR=۱.۷۵,۹۵% CI = ۱.۷۳ -۱.۷۸, P<۰.۰۰۱). Also, the chance of hypertension was higher insmoker women than in smoker men (OR=۳.۰۶, ۹۵%CI=۲.۷۴ -۳.۴۵, P<۰.۰۰۱). While the chance ofhypertension was lower in non-smoker women than in non-smoker men (OR =۰.۹۲, ۹۵% CI: ۰.۹۱– ۰.۹۳, P<۰.۰۰۱)Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the prevalence of high blood pressure inwomen is related to women who smoke. This result is the opposite in non-smokers. In otherwords, being a smoker and the female gender simultaneously, have a synergistic effect onhypertension.

Keywords:

Smoking , Gender Difference , Hypertension