A new argument about tobacco role in muscle disorders: a systematic review abstract
Background:
Tobacco has had a strong and very destructive impact on the lives of many peoplein the world, so that according to the official announcement of the World Health Organization(WHO), 8 million deaths occur annually related to these products in the field of various diseases.Tobacco and related products play a role in various functional disorders of the body such ascardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and cancers. One of the disorders in the recent studies thathave been brought up recently is skeletal muscle disorders. It seems that tobacco can be associatedwith skeletal disorders, in this article, this relationship was discussed in detail.Method: For this review, we reviewed articles from the years 2017 to 2022 based on the followingkeywords in PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases (results follow up).• Tobacco/smoke•
Tobacco and skeletal muscle• Smoke and skeletal muscleWe used Prisma as the basis of our systematic review. Articles were read by two authors and casereport and review studies were excluded. The focus of identifying articles in the identificationstage was the research question based on the PICO criteria. After Screening and Eligibility at theend, 62 articles were included, after exclude duplicates and un useful abstracts, in the study.Results: After the review by two authors, finally 62 articles were obtained on the topics ofsarcopenia, atrophy, muscle weakness and dysfunction and activity intolerance. One article ondystrophy was available to us.
Sarcopenia and atrophy were more frequent in the smokingpopulation. Muscle weakness was measured with various diagnostic indicators, which ultimatelyindicated the traces of smoking in it. Reduction of respiratory volume, intolerance of activity andthe effect on respiratory muscle weakness, especially the diaphragm, were among the effects ofsmoking on non-skeletal muscles.Conclude: The prevalence of sarcopenia, atrophy, dysfunction, and volume loss were observedamong the smoking population, which indicates the effect of smoking on muscle disorders,including skeletal and respiratory muscles and even the diaphragm. We suggest that more clinicalstudies should be conducted in order to investigate the role of tobacco pathogenesis in detail,however, our systematic review has clarified this to some extent.