Synthesis of Layered Double Hydroxide nanostructures for adsorption of crystal violet dye from aqueous solutions

Crystal violet is one such and common type of dye extensively used by the paper and textile industry. It is also used as a biological stain and dermatological agent in human and veterinary medicine. Despite its wide use, crystal violet has been found to have harmful effects on humans and has been suspected to be a potential carcinogen. Consumption of the dye even in a small amount (< ۱ ppm) may result in respiratory disorders, kidney failure and permanent blindness. Its exposure to large amounts irritates the skin and the digestive tract. Belonging to the class of triarylmethane dyes, it has a complex chemical structure and long half-life which results in their persistence in the environment for a very long time, aggravating the problem further. The dye has also been found to be teratogenic and mutagenic and is thus, categorized under biohazards. Therefore, it is necessary to focus more on removing such dyes from industrial wastewater before reusing or discharging them into the aquatic environment. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) contain hydrocarbons and hydrotalcite-like compounds that have high adsorption efficiencies. these compounds have positive properties such as greater area, high thermal stability, stability over a wide pH range, greater adsorption and recyclability, and therefore absorption of pollutants are suitable compounds of water. Here, LDH Ca-Al-SDS are prepared by simple chemical methods and then contaminated water is used to absorb the crystal violet dye. In addition, the results showed that the synthesized LDH effectively removed the crystal violet dye up to ۹۵% and can be used in wastewater treatment to remove cationic dyes very efficiently.