A study on competition in the product market, financial leverage and managerial optimism in Tehran Stock Exchange and investigating related issues.

The main arguments of economics are based on the premise that competition in the product market is an excellent mechanism for the optimal allocation of resources and has disciplinary effects on the behavior of managers and their inefficiencies. In today's competitive world, the winning countries will be those who can create knowledge, insight and effective behavior in their managers and employees.Managers perform competitiveness under the influence of various factors, and the characteristics of managers affect their decision-making style around this issue. One of these characteristics is the optimism that by examining this issue, one can get a better understanding of the performance of companies and how to make decisions about buying their shares. In the competitive market, companies must use methods of production that have the lowest amount of cost and the highest amount of efficiency, so that in this way they can help the consumer in obtaining goods with better quality and lower price. In this case, the resources of the whole economy are used in a more efficient way and it makes the whole economy benefit. It should be noted that concepts such as competitive or monopolistic markets are relative concepts. In fact, if we categorize the types of markets in terms of the type of competition, it can be said that the types of markets are a spectrum where one end of the market is full competition and the other end is full monopoly.

Keywords:

Investment efficiency , human resource capital , product market competition