Induction of resistance in tomato against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica with salicylic acid

The effect of salicylic acid (SA) on induction of resistance against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) and the effect of M. javanica to induce biochemical defense responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) roots at six-leaf stage were investigated. Meanwhile, the effect of different concentrations of SA on mortality of second stage juveniles of M. javanica was examined. Changes in the activity of cytoplasmic peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) enzymes in the roots of tomato seedlings were measured during seven successive days after inoculation with M. javanica in greenhouse. SA was used as soil drench and leaf spray. The efficiency of treatments were evaluated by measuring diameter of galls, number of galls per plant, number of egg masses per plant, number of eggs per individual egg mass, root and foliage fresh weights. The results showed that use of SA as soil drench and leaf spray significantly reduce diameter of galls ۲۸% and ۳۲%, number of galls per plant ۴۰% and ۴۴%, number of egg masses per plant ۴۵% and ۴۹% and number of eggs per individual egg mass ۵۳% and ۵۵% compared to control (inoculated with nematode only). The activity of the enzymes (POX, CAT and PAL) increased in comparison with plants treated with distilled water. The maximum level of larva mortality was observed at ۷ mM SA with no significant difference at concentration of ۶ mM. SA caused ۲۱.۲% mortality of larvae at concentration of ۵ mM.

Keywords:

Salicylic acid , Meloidogyne javanica , Peroxidase , Catalase , Phenylalanine ammonia lyase