An Overview of the Most Important Medicinal Plants that Affect Hypertension and their Antihypertensive Mechanism

Despite the increased awareness about high blood pressure, it remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the community. Medication and high blood pressure can be treated with medication and non-medication. The high prevalence of high blood pressure around the world and development of serious and dangerous complications this disease a major health problem in all societies and is a major cause of cardiovascular disease. Concerns about the side effects of chemical drugs lead to misuse of medications, intolerance to patients and consequently, impaired control of the disease. That's why today there is a new approach to medicinal plants and a lot of research is being done on medicinal plants. The purpose of the present study is investigation of plants and provides the mechanism of action of the most effective medicinal plants in the treatment of hypertension. This paper examines the use of electronic search in articles published in various Internet databases and reference books on the mechanism of action of various plants in the treatment of hypertension by affecting the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease. According to the results of some medicinal plants such as Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Berberis vulgaris L., Rosa × damascena Herrm., Punica granatum L., Olea europaea L., Teucrium polium L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Urtica Dioica L., Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Allium sativum L. and Juglans regia L. are the most important medicinal plants affecting high blood pressure. Studies have shown that medicinal plants with various mechanisms such as vasodilation, production of nitric oxide (NO), calcium channel blockers, increased potassium, inhibition of renin-angiotensin pathway, and activation of intracellular CGMP and expansion of vasodilator effect to hypertension treatment.

Keywords:

hypertension , Medicinal plants , Molecular Mechanisms , Drug