Identifying different habitats and evaluating the effect of environmental factors on the performance of active ingredients in medicinal plants is a basic help to maintain the genetic diversity of these plants. This research was done in three habitats in Isfahan province during ۲۰۱۷–۲۰۲۰. The aerial parts of Tanacetum lingulatum Boiss. Bornm were harvested at the full flowering stage and transferred to the laboratory of the Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were measured by the Follin-Ciocalteu reagent and the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated by measuring the reduction of radical capacity with the help of DPPH. The essential oil from T. lingulatum plants was extracted by water distillation using Clevinger and analyzed by GC/MS. According to the results, the amounts of total phenol and flavonoids, the antioxidant activity and the essential oil content were only affected by population treatment. The maximum content of total flavonoids (۰.۲۸۹ mg QE/g dry weight), the antioxidant activity (۵۳.۶۷%), and the essential oil content (۰.۱۵% v/w) were related to the Kooh Sefid habitat. Compared to the other two habitats, the Kooh Sefid region has the lowest altitude above sea level, the lowest average annual temperature and soil acidity, and the highest soil organic carbon and annual rainfall. The highest amount of total phenol was obtained from the Lashtar habitat (۰.۰۵۱ mg GAE/g dry weight). The most important compounds identified in the essential oils were cis-sabienene hydrate (۱۲–۲۴%), camphene (۳–۱۵%),
n-decanal (۱۱–۲۴%), dihydro-linalool (۱–۹%), cis-β-terpineol (۷-۹ %), nerol oxide (۱–۱۶%), and cis-pinocarveol (۸–۲۰%). Variation observed in the examined traits in different habitats can be caused by differences in ecological characteristics. Finally, the Kooh Sefid population can be one of the target habitats for preserving the genetic diversity of the T. lingulatum medicinal plant due to having more essential oil and antioxidant activity.
