Pharmacological and Biological Activities of Crataegus pentagyna

Due to the numerous side effects of synthetic drugs, people's inclination towards herbal remedies has increased. The hawthorn has been used as food and medicine for centuries. The genus Crataegus belongs to the Rosaceae family and Maloideae sub-family. It is reported this plant has high flavonoid, vitamin C, glycoside, anthocyanin, saponin, tannin, and antioxidant levels. It employed as an anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective agent, hypotensive and diuretic. it is widely used to treat cardiovascular disorders such as arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. This plant is also known to treat diseases such as anti-aging, Alzheimer's, diabetes, cancer, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and anxiety. Iran’s flora, C. pentagyna subsp. elburensis is the most common cultivar of hawthorn. The aim of this review article was to investigate C. pentagyna as an important source for treating various diseases. This study focuses on the antioxidant, antimicrobial, vasorelaxant, anti-arrhythmic, anti-hypoxic, photocatalytic effects, and its impact on atherosclerotic Cardiovascular disease and anti-cancer properties of C. pentagyna.

Keywords:

Crataegus pentagyna , Hawthorn , Antioxidant , Antimicrobial , Antiarrhythmic , Antihypoxic , Anticancer , Vasorelaxant effects