Air Pollution, Ozone, and Sulfur Dioxide Can Affect the Blood Serum Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress of Male Wistar Rats

The majority of the body’s organs are impacted by ambient air pollution (AAP), which is currently a serious environmental global health issue. The objective of this work was to assess the impact of ozone (O۳ ), sulfur dioxide (SO۲ ), and AAP on oxidative stress (OS) and lipid profile indicators in male Wistar rats. To this end, these rats were exposed for three hours each day for five weeks in control, AAP, O۳ (۰.۶ ppm), and SO۲ (۱۰ ppm) groups (each containing ۸ animals). Several parameters, such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride, and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured on blood samples. AAP exposure on TAC (P=۰.۰۱۴) and SOD (P=۰.۰۵), MDA (P=۰.۰۱۸), and HDL (P=۰.۰۰۳), O۳ exposure on TAC (P<۰.۰۰۱), and SO۲ exposure on blood serum TAC (P=۰.۰۰۶) all had statistically significant effects. Based on the results, exposure to SO۲ and AAP did not significantly alter the lipid profile (P>۰.۰۵). According to our research, exposure to O۳ , SO۲ , and AAP can increase overall antioxidant capacity by stimulating blood serum oxidative defense enzymes. Except for the enhanced effect of O۳ exposure on serum HDL, AAP, SO۲ , and O۳ exposures had no discernible effects on the lipid profile.