Endometriosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A case-control study

Background: The association between endometriosis and the outcome of pregnancy is one of the interesting topics. Endometriosis-related pain is alleviated with pregnancy; however, it is known to cause adverse outcomes in pregnancy. The main cause is systemic chronic inflammation caused by higher levels of cytokines, growth factors, and angiogenesis factors. Objective: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between endometriosis, deep endometriosis, adenomyosis, surgical treatment, and poor maternal consequences. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, data from ۲۵۰ women who gave birth in Hazrat Rasoul Akram hospital, Tehran, Iran from February ۲۰۱۵ to December ۲۰۱۹ was extracted from the hospital information system in January ۲۰۲۰. Participants were divided into ۲ groups: ۱۲۵ women with endometriosis and ۱۲۵ women without endometriosis. We looked at how endometriosis affected mothers and newborn babies. Data on pregnancy, delivery, and newborns of both groups was extracted. Results: The mean age of participants was ۳۲.۷۴ ± ۴.۱۰ and ۳۱.۷ ± ۵.۵۳ yr in endometriosis and control group, respectively. In terms of pregnancy complications, placenta previa, placenta accreta, placenta abruption, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and postpartum hemorrhage remarkably increased in the endometriosis group compared to the control group. Small for gestational age was significantly higher in rectal endometriosis than women without rectal endometriosis (p = ۰.۰۳). The neonatal intensive care unit admission rate was notably higher in infants of the endometriosis group compared to controls (۴۰.۷% vs. ۲۴.۸%, p = ۰.۰۰۹). Conclusion: Our findings showed women with endometriosis are at a higher risk for important adverse maternal outcomes.

Keywords:

Endometriosis , Pregnancy outcomes , Pre-eclampsia , Preterm birth , Cesarean section , Small for gestational age. , اندومتریوز , پیامد بارداری , پره اکلامپسی , زایمان زودرس , سزارین , محدودیت رشد جنین.