Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Typing by ERIC-PCR: A Genetic and Antibiogram Profiling in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a leading cause of community-acquired and healthcare-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in UPEC poses significant challenges to managing these infections. This study aimed to investigate the molecular types of UPEC using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) and analyze their resistance patterns in a tertiary care setting. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, where 65 consecutive E. coli isolates from urinary specimens were collected. Isolates were identified biochemically and confirmed by 16S rRNA gene PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted following CLSI guidelines, and molecular typing was performed using ERIC-PCR. ERIC-PCR profiles were analyzed using PAST software version 4.0, generating a dendrogram to visualize similarity among ERIC types. Fisher's exact test was used to determine if specific ERIC types were significantly associated with particular antibiotic resistance profiles. Results: The results showed that 95% of the isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics, with 92.3% being multidrug resistant (MDR). The highest resistance was observed against ampicillin, while no resistance was seen against colistin and tigecycline. The resistant isolates displayed 36 different antibiograms, indicating a significant degree of resistance variability. ERIC-PCR typing revealed 22 unique clusters at a similarity coefficient of approximately 70%, highlighting the genetic diversity of UPEC isolates in our setting. Conclusion: This study enhances the understanding of UPEC epidemiology in healthcare by revealing the molecular characteristics and resistance profiles of prevalent strains. The high occurrence of MDR UPEC and the absence of a correlation between ERIC types and antibiograms suggest adaptability and increased resistance. These results highlight the necessity for continuous surveillance to inform infection control measures and direct targeted interventions against the spread of MDR UPEC.

Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Typing by ERIC-PCR: A Genetic and Antibiogram Profiling in a Tertiary Care Hospital Keywords:

UPEC , Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus , PCR , MDR , ERIC-PCR typing , 16s rRNA gene , Disc diffusion method , Antibiotypes