Somatic symptom disorder: definition, symptoms and treatments

Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is a mental health condition characterized by an intense focus on physical symptoms, such as pain or fatigue, which cause significant distress and impairment in daily functioning. These symptoms may not have a medical explanation, but the individual's response is excessive, leading to persistent worry and anxiety about their health. Key symptoms of SSD include chronic pain, gastrointestinal issues, and fatigue. Individuals with SSD exhibit excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to these symptoms, including persistent thoughts about their seriousness, high levels of health-related anxiety, and devoting excessive time and energy to health concerns. The symptoms are typically persistent, lasting more than six months, and result in significant functional impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of life.Treatment for SSD often involves a multi-faceted approach aimed at reducing distress and improving the patient's quality of life. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is commonly used to help individuals reframe their thoughts and reduce anxiety related to their symptoms. Medications, such as antidepressants, may be prescribed to address underlying mood disorders. Additionally, lifestyle modifications, including regular physical activity and stress management techniques, can play a crucial role in managing symptoms. Collaborative care involving a multidisciplinary team of healthcare providers, including primary care physicians, mental health professionals, and specialists, is essential for comprehensive management of SSD. The goal of treatment is to alleviate distress, improve daily functioning, and enhance overall well-being, helping individuals lead more fulfilling lives despite their physical symptoms

Keywords:

Somatic symptom , medically unexplained symptoms , Psychosomatic disorders