To survey of Advocacy Planning and identify of its challenge

The trend of advocacy planning, with target of struggling against racial discrimination in America and defending the poor and disadvantaged people, was introduced in 1965 by Paul Davidoff. This theory was presented in the second half of 1960s and was accepted a decade after. Davidoff stated that if, as the theory of traditional planning claims that planning process is rational and technocratic, presumably, all of these programs should be the same. Because all have been prepared based on the same methodology and theoretical foundations. But where this happened, programs have not been the same. And this implies that planning is not technical and technocratic, but has relationship with the people values and priorities. With acceptance of pluralism in planning, the expression of advocacy in planning finds meaning. Because the planner as an expert takes the role of a lawyer for urban and rural communities, professional groups, ethnic, cities, regions, or even countries. Advocacy planning approach is the outcome of discussions of social justice advocates on social issues and communities, particularly urban communities. Considering to importance of social justice issue in urban planning, the purpose of this paper is to introduce and review of advocacy planning and to survey of problem of inequality and its relationship with the Advocacy Planning

Keywords:

planning , advocacy , pluralism , exclusion , justice