Genes associated with breast cancer

Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease that is caused by the interaction of inherited and environmental risk factors and leads to progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes inbreast cancer cells. Although epidemiological evidence emphasizes the existence of specific risk factors such as age, obesity, alcohol consumption, and exposure to estrogen throughout life, the existence of a family history of breast cancer is considered to be the strongest risk factor for this disease. Nearly 20% of all breast cancers are familial and pathogenic, they are particularly susceptible to a specificpredisposing gene. This study is a review study. All published articles were collected over the years 1995-2017 from databases, SIDs, Google Scholar, Scopus, Pubmed, Medlib, Magiran, and ScienceDirect. Comprehensive search with the keywords of Cancer, Breast, Gene for Persian articles and their English equivalent for English articles. After reviewing the studies, a total of 20 papers were reviewed. The results of the study showed that BRCA2, BRCA1, and TSGs genes associated with rare familial cancer syndromes, such as ATM and PTEN, TP53, other low-to-moderate genes, such as CHEK2,RAD50, NBS1, PALB2, BRIP1, mismatch-like open-ended restoration genes such as MLH, MSH2, and the commonly predicted alleles of LSP1 and MAP3K1, TNC9, FGFR2, TGFβ1, CASP8 has thestrongest and most consistent evidence of association with breast cancer. Breast cancer is one of the genetic diseases identifying effective genes can be a major step in diagnosis and treatment

Keywords:

Breast Cancer , Cancer Symptoms , Cancer Diagnosis , Cancer Prevention , Gene and Cancer