Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Effect of Topical Timolol for Non-center-involving Diabetic Macular Edema

Purpose: we aim to evaluate the effect of topical timolol in patients with non-center involving diabetic macular edema.Methods: In this prospective, interventional case series subjects with non-center-involving diabetic macular edema were treated with topical timolol twice daily for at least three months. Macular thickness at thickest point was measured at baseline, one month and three months. Results: Twenty-one eyes of 16 subjects with mean age of 57.09 ±5.98 years (range: 48 to 71) were included. Macular thickness at thickest point was 408.80 ±37.13 (range: 364 to 492) μm, 390.47 ±37.91 μm (range: 307 to 465) and 383.00 ± 30.76 μm (range: 337 to 454)at baseline, one month and three months, respectively. Repeated measure ANOVA revealed that the reduction in macular thickness was significant at one and three months compared with baseline (P=0.005 and P=0.001, respectively).Conclusion: We found topical timolol is effective for reducing non-center-involving diabetic macular edema. This effect may be mediated by its anti-vascular endothelial growth factor activity