Anoverview of A Novel Therapeutic approach: Efficacy of Olaratumab to treat Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma abstract
Background and aim: Advanced Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of invasive solid tumors in need of improved therapeutic strategies. The short-term conditions can be managed using chemotherapy drugs and targeted therapies; among which olaratumab as a monoclonal antibody is used to control platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRalpha). The tyrosine kinase activity of this receptor is impeded due to the antagonistic nature of the olaratumab, followed by inactivated downstream signaling cascades inducing tumorigenesis of STS. Materials and methods: The search strategy was to find corresponding articles in English on database of PubMed using the main keywords of Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma, anti-PDGFRα monoclonal antibody, Olaratumab,
Doxorubicin and chemotherapy. Results: There are some mechanisms regarding the activity of olaratumab, including anti-tumor immune responses and tumor stroma changes. One of the recent promising ways in treating the advanced STS can be achieved by inhibiting the activity of PDGFR-α via olaratumab that stops pre-clinically PDGFRA-dependent tumor growth. This antibody in combination with doxorubicin has been shown to treat adult patients suffering from advanced STS to enhance progression-free and overall survival. Tolerability and safety of olaratumab plus doxorubicin has been proven, similar to doxorubicin monotherapy excluding infusion-related reactions. The efficacy of this approach is under study during confirmatory phase III trial to control the algorithm of advanced STS. Conclusion: Co-administration of olaratumab and doxorubicin has shown acceptable tolerability and safety. Clinically, the long-term management of advanced STS might be obtained by the use of therapeutic strategies, such as combination therapy, the anti-angiogenesis targeted treatments, and immunotherapy.