case of Multivesicular renal hydatid cyst

IntroductionCystic echinococcosis, chronic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, is one of the most important helminth associated zoonosis globally. Hydatid cyst involving the urinary tract is relatively uncommon. The cyst growing in the kidney is slow and usually asymptomatic lasting up to 10 years. The incidence of renal involvement is about two percent of all hydatid disease in man and the infection is endemic especially in South America, South Europe, New Zealand, and Middle East. Iran is an important endemic focus of human hydatid disease and cystic hydatidosis cases have been reported from different parts of medical centers. Case reportA 62-years old female patient was referred with weakness, left flank pain for 15 months, intermittent hematuria. In the physical examination, there was smooth, non-tender, mobile mass in the right downward abdomen. Complete blood count revealed leukocytosis, decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit, creatine phospho kinase rate of 539 IU/L, an increase in fasting blood sugar. Imaging findings including computed tomography (CT) scan and ultrasonography revealed the presence of multicystic lesion with thick and thin internal septations. The patient was candidate for surgery. Kidney-sparing pericystectomy was performed, and the cyst was removed. The surgical specimen was occupied with considerable numbers of daughter cysts. Discussion and ConclusionHydatid cysts often affect the lung and liver but rarely involves other organs such as the kidney, so that more than one organ has been reported to be involved in 2% of cases. There are no specific symptoms to diagnose renal hydatidosis. Fever, intermittent hematuria, flank pain and weight loss are the most common symptoms. Laboratory tests might be helpful but is no immunological and serological test for definitive diagnosis. Imaging findings are the most important tool in the diagnosis of hydatid cyst. The treatment of choice for hydatid cysts of kidney is surgical excision and the protocol is the logical option, but nephrectomy must be reserved for non-functioning kidney.

case of Multivesicular renal hydatid cyst Keywords:

Hydatid cyst , Kidney , Hydatidosis , Renal echinococcosis