QGSA Cluster Head Selection Approach for Hierarchical Routing Protocol in the EH-WSNs

Abstract—Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network (EH-WSN) plays an important role in the IoT paradigm. It measures and accumulates all of the physical parameters from the ambient and facilitating IoT applications to benefit from that data. Since the energy harvesting rate in EH-WSN has random nature, the main purpose in EH-WSN is to ensure that EH-WSN nodes will not suffer from energy shortage by minimizing the energy consumption of EH-WSN as much as possible. We propose an energy efficient agglomerative hierarchical clustering approach which clusters the whole network more intelligently and efficiently. Also, we formulated an optimization problem to selects the fittest Cluster Head (CH) using Quantum Gravitational Search Algorithm (QGSA). The numerical analysis demonstrates that the proposed approach outperforms Direct Transmission and DEARER about 1.9× in the energy efficiency and 0.4× in the packet fail probability.