A review on the role of self-assembling peptide Nano-fiber in regenerative medicine

Nanotechnology will be the foundation of many science and technologies in the 21st century. The role of regenerative medicine has been recently increased due to developments of bio-nanothechnology. One of the most interesting Biomaterials made in this field of science is self-assembling peptide Nanofibers. The formation of a specific conformation of one protein is owing to the self-assembling of it s amino acids. So, researchers can design self-assembly of peptides at the molecular and Nano molecular level and can control It s formation and configuration. Peptide Nano fibers are used to make a scaffold for tissue regeneration and are gaining interest in tissue engineering programs. They can self-organize their structures from basic building blocks to supramolecular structures. Nowadays, more emphasis is placed on Bio-functionalization strategies to influence cell behavior and modulate scaffold stability. To synthesize peptides and their hybrid structures, there are three main methods: solid-phase chemical synthesis, protein engineering, and ring-opening polymerization strategy. There are two main groups of self-assembling nano-structures : 1.Linear peptide monomers like amphiphilic peptides, ionic-complementary peptides, etc 2.Non linear peptide monomers like yclic peptides and hybrid peptides. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering using Nano structural scaffolds for the regrowth of nerve cells has been demonstrated in Vivo. Self-assembling peptides for in Vitro applications and 3D culture as well as in Vivo for tissue regeneration such as bone and optic nerve repair, like for drug delivery of mediators is improving a new generation of therapy.

Keywords:

Nano-technology , Regenerative medicine , self-assembling nanofibers , Biomaterial