A Review on Power Train Topologies of Battery and Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Many research groups all over the world strive to search for different sources of clean power to electrify the transport. The attempt is done to reduce dependency on fossilfuels derivatives and consequently decrease the CO2 emissions and/or any other toxic releases from the internal combustion engine of current vehicles where the adverseconsequences of these emissions are directly affect the global warming and negatively impact individual’s health. Hence the response to the universal demand for a cleantransport industry lies in the development of safe, robust and reliable energy conversion systems that can provide high energy and power densities. The internal combustionengine vehicles are gradually replacing with batteries and fuel cells powered vehicles. Currently the automotive industry has developed many models of electric vehicles of hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric and pure electric types. For these automotive applications Lithium Ion batteries, Nickel Metal Hydride batteries and Proton ExchangeMembrane fuel cells are widely used where they will be either hybridized with an internal combustion engine or used as standalone in All Electric Vehicles. The proposedpowertrain for each topology will be reviewed in this paper along with a discussion of their limitations and advantages of each topology

Keywords:

Battery , Fuel cell , Powertrain , Topology