Global marine climate change and its main indicators

The planet earth possesses relatively constant physical properties to sustain life such as atmospheric pressure, temperature and gasses. All these properties form a sophisticated system which, unfortunately, is now at risk due to the rapid growth of human population, which has led to an increased need for energy resources. Due to this, climate change has become an area of focus in a lot of scientific studies. Hence, observing the most significant indicators of this phenomenon has remarkable importance. Therefore, in this study, we aim to review and discuss historical changes in three critical physical parameters, namely sea level, sea temperature, and ocean currents in the marine environment, as a vital part of our planet, due to the global climate change. According to records of rising measured CO2 concentration level and its direct correlation with sea level, it is assumed that the sea level trend line will be upward in the future. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) has been used as a global sea temperature indicator, and because its trend shows a steady increase since the 1950s, it concludes that global sea temperature will be rise. Long-term changes in Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are considered to be indicative of climate change, as well as to contribute to it. Recent assessments demonstrate that as a consequence of greenhouse climate effect, AMOC will have gradually decline by the end of the twenty-first century.

Keywords:

climate change , sea surface level , sea surface temperature , ocean currents