Autonomous Drug-Encapsulated Nanoparticles: Towards a Novel Non-Invasive Approach to Prevent Atherosclerosis
Publish place: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics، Vol: 10، Issue: 2
Publish Year: 1392
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: English
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
JR_IJMP-10-2_005
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 20 مهر 1398
Abstract:
Introduction This paper proposes the concept of autonomous drug-encapsulated nanoparticle (ADENP) as a novel non-invasive approach to prevent atherosclerosis. ADENP consists of three simple units of sensor, controller (computing), and actuator. The hardware complexity of ADENP is much lower than most of the nanorobots, while the performance is maintained by the synergism in the swarm architecture. Materials and Methods Since high accumulation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) macromolecules within the arterial wall plays a critical role in the initiation and development of atherosclerotic plaques, the task of the swarm of ADENPs is autonomous feedback control of LDL level in the interior of the arterial wall. In this study, we consider two specific types of ADENPs with distinguishing capabilities. The performance of each type is evaluated and compared on a well-known mathematical model of the arterial wall through computer simulation. Results Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can successfully reduce the LDL level to a desired value in the arterial wall of a patient with very high LDL level that is corresponding to the highest rates of cardiovascular disease events. Moreover, it is shown that ADENP is capable of distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy arterial walls to reduce the drug side effects. Conclusion The proposed approach is a promising autonomous non-invasive method to prevent and treat complex diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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Authors
Alireza Rowhanimanesh
Department of Electrical Engineering, Center of Excellence on Soft Computing and Intelligent Information Processing (SCIIP), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Reza Akbarzadeh Totonchi
Department of Electrical Engineering, Center of Excellence on Soft Computing and Intelligent Information Processing (SCIIP), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran