Osseointegration of dental implants in patients with oral bisphosphonate intake: a review

Background and Objective: Bisphosphonates are used for bone diseases. One of effects of bisphosphonate therapy are osteonecrosis of the jaws. This condition may be triggered by placement of dental implants. Osteonecrosis may cause failure in osseointegration of implants. Bisphosphonates influence osseointegration by alteration of bone turnover. The aim of this study was to review articles regarding effects of oral bisphosphonate intake on osseointegration of dental implants. Search Method: PubMed database was searched for published articles. Inclusion criteria were case series, retrospective and prospective studies on the subject. Exclusion criteria were case reports, intravenous bisphosphonate intake, and placement of implants in other part of the body. Findings: A total of 66 articles were evaluated at abstract level. Eventually 4 articles were chosen including nearly 1470 patients taking oral bisphosphonates. Failure in osseointegration of dental implants was observed in 23 patients. Conclusion: Although failure in osseointegration of dental implants in patients with oral bisphosphonate intake is unlikely, the risk of failure should be considered in treatment planning for these patients and utmost care should be employed to prevent possible complications.

Keywords:

Bisphosphonate , Osseointegration , Dental implant.