Evaluation effect of N-acetyl cysteine loaded noisomes on Lung oxidative biomarkers in paraquat acute poisoning in male rats

Introduction and background: paraquat as an bipyridil compound, is widely used as an effective herbicide which causes severe toxicity in human and animals. The toxicity mechanism of paraquat is related to producing anion peroxides and reducing total antioxidative capacity of lung; resulting in lung fibrosis on the other hand there is no specific antidote and treatment for its poisoning cases. N-acetyl cysteine can have a positive role in reducing the intoxication of lung tissue caused by paraquat.Noisomes are nanoparticles which increase the drug absorption and as a result, increase the effectiveness of N-acetyl cysteine and reduce the toxicity. In this study we evaluated the effect of noisome nanoparticle carrying N-acetyl cysteine by thin film layer hydration method on lung toxicity caused by paraquat in comparison with N-acetyl cysteine free drug. Methods: In this experimental study,30 wistar male rats weighted 180_250 grams were classified into 5groups(n=6) Group1 (minus control group): received normal saline,Group2 (positive control group),Group3,Group4 and Group5:4 hours after paraquat poisoning with dosage of50 mg/kg/day by IP method, received normal saline, N-acetyl cysteine6.25 mg /kg /day, free noisomes, N -acetyl cysteine loaded noisomes by gavage, respectively 24 hours after treatment lung samples were gathered and homogenized. Total antioxidative capacity (TAC)and lipid peroxidation(LPO),thiol groups, hydroxyl proline and paraquat amount in lung samples were evaluated by spectrophotometry and ELISA method.(pvalue<0/05). Results: In paraquat poisoned groups in comparison with control groups total antioxidative capacity, lipid peroxidation (LPO),thiol groups and hydroxyl proline decreased and paraquat amount decreased. Conclusion: This study shows that using N-acetyl cysteine nanoparticles had an significant enhancement in reducing oxidative stress induced by paraquat in comparison with free drug.

Keywords:

Noisome , N-acetyl cysteine , lung , paraquat , oxidative biomarkers