Evaluation of Different Imagicides Against more Prevalent of Malaria Vector, Anopheles maculipennis in a Malarious area, Northern Iran

Background: Iran has been classified as a malaria eliminating phase. Anopheles maculipennis is known as a main malaria vector with the most widespread in north of Iran. Monitoring of insecticide resistance of malaria vector(s) is important in malaria control programme.Objectives: Anopheles mnaculipennis populations were collected in indoor places of three selected villages of Mazandaran Province.Materials and Methods: The susceptibility status of field strains of An. maculipennis were determined using WHO impregnated papers; DDT 4%, Malathion 5%, Propoxur 0.1%, Deltamethrin 0.05%, for 4,8,16,32, and 64 minutes exposure time followed by 24 h recovery period. Also LT50 values were obtained using Probit analysis.Results: Anopheles mnaculipennis showed resistance to DDT, tolerant to Malathion and Propoxur but susceptible to deltamethrin using WHO’s criteria. The LT50 values for DDT, Malathion, Propoxur, Deltamethrin, were measured as 27.2, 20.1, 19.9 and 17.4 minute respectively.Conclusion: It is the first formal entomological research which defines LT50 of mentioned insecticides on An.maculipennis in northern of Iran. The different response to DDT against other studies may be attributed to various genotypes of this species. Its susceptibility to the other insecticides may be related to the exophilic/exophagic behaviors of this species. Therefore, DDT and Organo phosphorous insecticides application as indoor residual spraying are not recommended in northern of Iran while periodic interval using of pyrethroid and carbamate insecticides could be still suggested.

Keywords:

Anopheles maculipennis , Susceptibility test , Resistance , Norther Iran