Experimental Investigations on Stability of the Bandar Anzali Rubble Mound Breakwater with Various Side Slopes Due to the Caspian Sea Solitary Waves

Rubble-mound breakwaters are one of the most important protecting structures in the coast and harbor engineering. Despite of the numerous theoretical and laboratorial investigations of the periodical waves effect on rubble-mound breakwaters, there are a few investigations on stability of such structures under Tsunami attack. Tsunami is a wave that is mainly generated by underwater earthquakes [1]. In deep waters, these waves have long wavelength and they are very fast but when they reach to the coast, the shoaling occurs that their speed decreases; so wavelengths decrease too and their heights increase severely. Tsunami waves in shallow waters are in the form of Stocks waves and in the coast they are in the form of both Solitary waves and N-waves. Since the southern part of the Caspian Sea is prone to the tsunami attack, it would be noteworthy to study the resistance of the breakwater with different slopes.