Background and Aims: Using various types of pesticides to control of pests and vectors of diseases has a long history in households in over the world. The most pesticides are considered toxic to children health and harmful to environment. The aim of this study was to present a systematic review on the pesticide residue in urban households and risk of
cancers in children.Search Method: This systematic review was designed to identify the relevant electronic studies published from January 1979 to February 2019. We investigated databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science with the following search keywords: ‘‘Pesticide Residue’’ and ‘‘Children’’ and ‘‘Cancers’’. Finally, the related papers were screened and their results were extracted using data extraction sheets. Results: Totally, 33 papers were resulted through databases searching process. The findings indicated that, children are more susceptible against pesticides due to not fully develop their metabolic processes and, also they are not able to detoxify chemicals. Over than 30% of the global burden of children disease is due to environmental factors, including pesticides. The possibility of children pesticide exposure inside of urban houses is more than outside. In general, children can be exposed to pesticides through two ways direct and indirect contact; direct is hand-to-mouth behavior in daily play and absorb household pesticides and indirect contact such as their parents’ work in hazardous environments and during pregnancy. There is a statistical significance association between pesticide exposure in household and some
cancers in children such as leukemia and brain tumors. Conclusion: Due to positive association between pesticides residues in households and risk of
cancers in children, public health policies must be adopted to minimize children exposure to pesticides in urban household.