Advanced evaluation of germplasm of almond in Karaj for selection of promising genotypes using morpho-pomological traits

This research to assess the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of 60 almond varieties and genotypes in climatic conditions in Karaj and determine their characteristics in order to choose the best varieties was done. These varieties and genotypes in a randomized complete block design in three replications were planted. Reviewed varieties in terms of all vegetative and reproductive characteristics and marketable traits were evaluated. Statistical analysis of variance table calculations based on randomized complete block design and the comparison of averages also with Duncan test. To determine the relationship between the important traits such as the length and width of the fruit, the weight of the fruit with the skin, the weight of kernel and it percentage was done using multivariate statistics.the results of the quantitative characteristics of 60 almond cultivars including the height of the tree, canopy expand and diameter of a tree trunk, the size of the flowers, stamen number, the diameter of the pistil, the size of the fruit and the kernel includes the length, width, thickness, weight, percentage and double of the kernel significant differences between cultivars studied showed. Finally after the conclusion in this study, it became clear that almond varieties among 60 studied, some varieties have a good quantity and quality in terms of performance and in particular fruit and considerable amount of kernel that can used in developing almond programs. For example, the varieties/genotypes 7-9, Sh 15, D-101 Shekoufeh, Nonpareil and Price had high percentage of kernel. The varieties/genotypes that have been fruit paper skin includes: 5-6, Nonpareil, Sh-6, 2-22, Shekoufeh, 3-16, 9-2. Late varieties/genotypes Feragness, A230, A200, and Shekoufeh, k-13-40 because of the being late blooming had low chance to spring cold.