Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of SpringWater Sources in Amediye District, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Nowadays, the growing population is demanding freshwater resources, and the availability of water influence the population distributionand its activities. Groundwater sources such as springs and wells are the major source of water for drinking, agricultural, andindustrial consumptions. However, water resources are always exposed to industrial, agricultural, and residential pollutions. In thecurrent study, water samples were collected from twenty-two springs sources from February to October ۲۰۱۷ in Amadiya districts,in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The physicochemical characteristics including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biologicaloxygen demand (BOD۵), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium hardness (Ca۲), magnesiumhardness (Mg۲), turbidity (NTU), total alkalinity (TA), and nitrate (NO۳-) of the samples were analyzed. The findings showedthat most of the water samples were within the permissible limits for drinking usage according to WHO (World Health Organization)standards, while few samples were without the permissible level for TDS and EC. Also, higher concentrations of TDS and ECreported for some samples attributed to agricultural and residential contamination, which require water treatment for drinkingpurposes. The statistical analysis illustrated an acceptable correlation between analysis.

Keywords:

Springwater , Physio-Chemical Parameters , Water Quality , Amediye District