The relationship between anthropometrical and physiological parameters of young elite boys in crawl and backstroke swimming

Background: The aim of study was to investigate the correlation between anthropometrical and physiological characteristics of young elite boys and their performance in crawl and backstroke. Methods: This study was a descriptive research. Subjects of the study consisted of ۱۲۲ young elite boy swimmers (mean age ۱۲-۱۳ years; height ۱.۵۴۰±۸.۲۴m; weight ۴۷.۸۲۰±۶.۸۴kg), who participated in ۲۰۱۸ national championship ۲۰۱۸ in Shiraz and filled the consent forms. Results: There was a significant negative relationship between foot length (r=-۰.۴۰۰, P=۰.۰۲۸), leg power (length jump) (r=-۰.۴۷۷, P=۰.۰۰۸), static balance (r=-۰.۳۸۰, P=۰.۰۳۸) and dynamic balance (inferior) (r=-۰.۳۶۷, P=۰.۰۴۶) with ۱۰۰m crawl (n=۳۰) time. Whereas, there was a significant positive relationship between leg action and reaction velocity (r=۰.۴۳۸, P=۰.۰۱۵) with ۱۰۰m crawl time. Furthermore, a significant negative relationship was found between head circumference (r = -۰.۵۰۷, P=۰.۰۱۹) and ۴۰۰m crawl (n=۲۱) time. Moreover, leg power (length jump) (r=۰.۵۴۳,P=۰.۰۱۱) was positively correlated with ۴۰۰m crawl time, while a negative correlation was revealed between trunk circumference at nipple height (r=۰.۳۸۱,P=۰.۰۳۸), trunk circumference at hip (r=-۰.۵۲۳,P=۰.۰۰۳), forearm length (r=-۰.۴۱۲,P=۰.۰۲۴), hand length (r=-۰.۴۰۰,P=۰.۰۲۹), and tight length (r=-۰.۴۶۱, P=۰.۰۱۰) with ۱۰۰m backstroke (n=۳۰) time. In addition, there was a significant negative relationship between seated height (r=-۰.۳۹۹, P=۰.۰۳۹), hand length (r=-۰.۴۰۰, P=۰.۰۳۹), and tibia length (r=-۰.۴۱۵, P=۰.۰۳۲) with ۲۰۰m backstroke (n=۲۷) time. Whereas, relationship between trunk circumference at hip (r=۰.۶۰۰, P=۰.۰۰۱), and leg power (high jump) (r=۰.۴۰۸, P=۰.۰۳۵) with ۲۰۰m backstroke time was significantly positive. Conclusion: anthropometrical and physiological characteristics were significantly correlated with the performance of young elite boys in crawl and backstroke. It´s recommended that coaches and swimmers pay attention to results of the study at the earliest stages of adolescence for getting more success in reaching the peak of athletic performance

Keywords:

Anthropometrics , Elite boy swimmers , Physical fitness Parameters , Relationship , Talent identification