Comparative study of the use of plant motifs (Islamic) in the art of gilding and plastering the architecture of mosques of the Seljughi-Ilkhani period

In this study, a comparative study of the use of plant motifs (Islamic) in the art of plastering the architecture of Seljuk and Ilkhani mosques and the art of gilding is investigated and samples of plants are used in these motifs are identified. Therefore, the present study aims to identify plant motifs in the art of gilding in different historical periods (with emphasis on the Seljuk and Ilkhani periods) and to study them in the plastering of selected mosques (Nain Grand Mosque, Isfahan Grand Mosque, and Ardestan Mosque). The research method of the present study, in the first stage, is the descriptive-analytical method and the method of visual analysis of these motifs by the gilding and plastering of the above-mentioned mosques, which has used the tools of library and documentary studies. The findings of the present study show that the art of bedding, which includes a history dating back to Islam and even earlier, has undergone a certain historical course, as can be noted: The art of bedding in various forms The Kufic script, along with the Islamic motifs of the elephant trunk, has been the evolution of this art in the Seljuk period. In general, the art of bedding in the Seljuk period was considered in interior decoration and in the patriarchal period, the process of bedding reached the desired perfection. The emergence of wide altars with various Kufic and Soltani, Diwani, Raqi lines and the use of various geometric knots with Islamic scroll motifs and Islamic Marie motifs in the inscription labels and line sprays with wide flowers and leaves and embossing of greatness and wonder in He created the works of Iran and the art of bedding in it. Finally, while pointing to the characteristics of the use of plant motifs in different periods in Iran, the type of plant motifs in selected mosques of the Seljuk and Ilkhani periods has been studied. Mosques will be mentioned..

Keywords:

plant motifs , gilding and calligraphy , bedding , Islamic , Islamic , and Khatai mosques