Curcuma reduces kidney and liver damage induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in male Wistar rats

Objective: The current study was designed to investigate the protective effects of curcuma caplet against titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO۲)-induced damage in liver and kidney of male Wistar rats.Materials and Methods: Thirty adult (۷-۸ week old) male rats (۲۰۰ g) were randomly divided into ۵ groups of ۶ each. The first and second groups received olive oil and nTiO۲ (۳۰۰ mg/kg body weight) as control and nTiO۲ groups, respectively. The third, fourth, and fifth groups received Curcuma at concentrations of ۱۰۰, ۲۰۰, and ۳۰۰ mg/kg body weight in addition to ۳۰۰ mg/kg body weight of nTiO۲, respectively. The treatment was performed through gavage for ۳ weeks. Rats' blood was examined for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as well as antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and activity of liver enzymes alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and renal factors (urea, uric acid, and creatinine). Histological analyses were also performed to estimate the extent of hepatic and renal injury.Results: nTiO۲-induced liver and kidney damage by decreased serum SOD, GPx, and TAC (p<۰.۰۵). Fu+rthermore, nTiO۲ increased serum MDA and TOS, and renal (Creatinine, Urea and Uric acid) and liver parameters (ALT, AST, ALP and LDH) (p<۰.۰۵). However, Curcuma treatment was able to moderate these changes dramatically (p<۰.۰۵). The results were confirmed by histopathological data. Conclusion: This study showed the antioxidant properties of curcuma against the side effects of nTiO۲.

Keywords:

Curcuma , Titanium dioxide nanoparticles , Toxicity , Wistar rats